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The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of the African continent. It borders the countries of Namibia , Botswana , Zimbabwe , Mozambique , and Eswatini , and entirely surrounds Lesotho .
Chief Hintsa OF The Gcaleka Xhosa
South Africa has the largest population of people of European descent in Africa, one of the largest Indian population outside of Asia , as well as the largest Coloured (of mixed European, Asian and African descent) community in Africa, making it one of the most ethnically diverse countries on the continent. Racial and ethnic strife between the black majority and the white minority have played a large part in the country's history and politics . The National Party began introducing the policy of apartheid after winning the general election of 1948 ; however, it was the same party under the leadership of F.W. de Klerk who started to dismantle it in 1990 after a long struggle by the black majority, as well as many white, coloured and Indian South Africans.
The country is one of the few in Africa never to have had a coup d'état , and regular free and fair elections have been held since 1994 , making it a regional power and among the most stable and liberal democracies in Africa.
South Africa is ranked as an upper-middle income economy by the World Bank . It has the second largest economy in Africa after Nigeria , and the 34th-largest in the world. By purchasing power parity , South Africa has the 7th highest per capita income in Africa. Although being the second largest economy, South Africa has the most sophisticated economy in the continent, with modern infrastructure common throughout the country. The country is considered to be a newly industrialized country according to the World Bank classifications.
The Krugerrand (; Afrikaans: [ˈkry.ərˌrant] ) is a South African coin, first minted on 3 July 1967 to help market South African gold and produced by Rand Refinery and the South African Mint . The name is a compound of Paul Kruger , the former President of the South African Republic (depicted on the obverse ), and rand , the South African unit of currency. On the reverse side of the Krugerrand is a pronking springbok , South Africa's national animal.
By 1980, the Krugerrand accounted for more than 90% of the global gold coin market and was the number one choice for investors buying gold. However, during the 1980s and 1990s, Krugerrands fell out of favor as some Western countries forbade import of the Krugerrand because of its association with the
apartheid government of South Africa. (
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In time, we shall be in a position to bestow on South Africa the greatest possible gift—a more human face.
V&A Waterfront
View across the Victoria Basin at the Victoria & Alfred Waterfront
The following are images from various South Africa-related articles on Wikipedia.
Image 1 View of
Table Bay with ships of the Dutch East India Company (VOC), c. 1683. (from
History of South Africa )
Image 2 Statue of Bartolomeu Dias at the High Commission of South Africa in London. He was the first European navigator to sail around the southernmost tip of Africa. (from
History of South Africa )
Image 3 Frederik W. de Klerk and
Nelson Mandela , two of the driving forces in ending apartheid (from
History of South Africa )
Image 4 Church on
Greenmarket Square in Cape Town, South Africa with a banner memorialising the Marikana massacre (from
History of South Africa )
Image 5 The
Castle of Good Hope (
Kasteel de Goede Hoop in Dutch), Cape Town. Founded officially in 1652,
Kaapstad /Cape Town is the oldest
urban area in South Africa. (from
History of South Africa )
Image 6 Generals Smuts (right) and Botha were members of the British
Imperial War Cabinet during World War I. (from
History of South Africa )
Image 7 Painting of the Sharpeville massacre of March 1960 (from
History of South Africa )
Image 8 Union Buildings , government administrative centre, Pretoria,
c. 1925 (from
History of South Africa )
Image 9 Harry Smith (from
History of South Africa )
Image 10 Flag of the South African Republic , often referred to as the
Vierkleur (meaning four-coloured) (from
History of South Africa )
Image 11 King Moshoeshoe with his advisors (from
History of South Africa )
Image 12 Gateway to the
Castle of Good Hope , the oldest building in South Africa (from
Culture of South Africa )
Image 13 Cecil John Rhodes, co-founder of De Beers Consolidated Mines at Kimberley (from
History of South Africa )
Image 14 Regional geography during the period of the Anglo–Boer wars:
South African Republic /Transvaal
Orange Free State British
Cape Colony Natal Colony (from
History of South Africa )
Image 15 Daniel François Malan , National Party leader from 1934 to 1953 (from
History of South Africa )
Image 16 Simon's Town harbour and naval base in South Africa were used by the Allies during World War II. (from
History of South Africa )
Image 17 Groot Constantia , the oldest
wine estate in South Africa, was founded in 1685 by
Simon van der Stel . The
South African wine industry (New World wine) is among the lasting legacy of the
VOC era . The recorded
economic history of South Africa began with the VOC period. (from
History of South Africa )
Image 18 An account of the first
trekboers (from
History of South Africa )
Image 20 Nicolaas Waterboer, Griqualand ruler, 1852–1896 (from
History of South Africa )
Image 21 Looking out over the floodplains of the Luvuvhu River (right) and the Limpopo River (far distance and left) (from
History of South Africa )
Image 22 Johannesburg before gold mining transformed it into a bustling modern city (from
History of South Africa )
Image 25 Meat on a traditional South African
braai (from
Culture of South Africa )
Image 27 An array of traditional South African cuisine (from
Culture of South Africa )
Image 28 Indian indentured labourers arriving in Durban (from
History of South Africa )
Image 29 Shaka Zulu in traditional
Zulu military garb (from
History of South Africa )
Image 30 Boer
Voortrekkers depicted in an early artist's rendition (from
History of South Africa )
Image 31 Map of the black homelands in South Africa at the end of apartheid in 1994 (from
History of South Africa )
Image 32 The
statue of
Jan van Riebeeck , the founder of
Cape Town , in Heerengracht Street. (from
History of South Africa )
Image 33 Jan van Riebeeck , first Commander of the Dutch East India Company colony (from
History of South Africa )
Image 34 The rise of the Zulu Empire
under Shaka forced other chiefdoms and clans to flee across a wide area of southern Africa. Clans fleeing the Zulu war zone
included the
Soshangane ,
Zwangendaba ,
Ndebele ,
Hlubi ,
Ngwane , and the
Mfengu . Some clans were caught between the Zulu Empire and advancing
Voortrekkers and
British Empire such as the
Xhosa . (from
History of South Africa )
Image 37 King
Cetshwayo (ca. 1875) (from
History of South Africa )
Image 38 The
British Empire is red on the map, at its territorial zenith in the late 1910s and early 1920s. (
India highlighted in purple.) South Africa, bottom centre, lies between both halves of the Empire. (from
History of South Africa )
Image 40 "For use by white persons" – sign from the apartheid era (from
History of South Africa )
Image 41 Replica of an
East Indiaman of the
Dutch East India Company /
United East Indies Company (VOC). The Dutch East India Company was a major force behind the (c. 1590s–1720s) and
Netherlandish cartography (c. 1570s–1670s). (from
History of South Africa )
Image 42 Emily Hobhouse campaigned against the appalling conditions of the
British concentration camps in South Africa, thus influencing British public opinion against the war. (from
History of South Africa )
Image 43 Oracles of the Pink Universe by Simphiwe Ndzube, 2021 (from
Culture of South Africa )
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