Omar M. Yaghi

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Omar Mwannes Yaghi
عمر مونّس ياغي
Yaghi in 2008
Born (1965-02-09) February 9, 1965 (age 59)
Amman, Jordan
CitizenshipJordanian, Saudi, American
Alma materUniversity at Albany, SUNY
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AwardsAAAS Newcomb Cleveland Prize (2007)
RSC Centenary Prize (2010)
King Faisal International Prize (2015)
Mustafa Prize (2015)
Albert Einstein World Award of Science (2017)
BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Basic Sciences (2018)
Wolf Prize in Chemistry (2018)
Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water (2018)
ENI award for Energy (2018)
Gregori Aminoff Prize (2019)
VinFuture Prize (2021)
Wilhelm Exner Medal (2023)
Scientific career
FieldsReticular Chemistry
Institutions
ThesisSynthesis, structure, and reactivity of polyoxovanadates in nonaqueous media (1990)
Doctoral advisorWalter G. Klemperer
Other academic advisorsPost-doctoral advisor:
Websiteyaghi.berkeley.edu

Omar M. Yaghi (Arabic: عمر مونّس ياغي; born February 9, 1965) is the James and Neeltje Tretter Chair Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley, an affiliate scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Founding Director of the Berkeley Global Science Institute, and an elected member of the US National Academy of Sciences[1] as well as the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.[2]

Early life and education[edit]

Yaghi was born in Amman, Jordan in 1965, to a refugee family originally from Mandatory Palestine.[3][4][5] He grew up in a household with many children, had limited access to clean water and without electricity.[6] At the age of 15, he moved to the United States at the encouragement of his father.[7] Although he knew little English, he began classes at Hudson Valley Community College, and later transferred to the University at Albany, SUNY to finish his college degree. He began his graduate studies at University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign and received his PhD in 1990 under the guidance of Walter G. Klemperer.[8] He was a National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow at Harvard University (1990–1992) with Professor Richard H. Holm. In 2021, Yaghi was granted Saudi citizenship.

Academic Career[edit]

He was on the faculties of Arizona State University (1992–1998) as an assistant professor, the University of Michigan (1999–2006) as the Robert W. Parry Professor of Chemistry, and the University of California, Los Angeles (2007–2012) as the Christopher S. Foote Professor of Chemistry as well as holding the Irving and Jean Stone Chair in Physical Sciences.[9]

In 2012, he moved to the University of California, Berkeley where he is now the James and Neeltje Tretter Professor of Chemistry. He was the director of the Molecular Foundry at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory from 2012 through 2013. He is the Founding Director of the Berkeley Global Science Institute. He is also a co-director of the Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute of the University of California, Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the California Research Alliance by BASF, as well as the Bakar Institute of Digital Materials for the Planet.[10]

Research[edit]

Yaghi pioneered reticular chemistry, a new field of chemistry concerned with stitching molecular building blocks together by strong bonds to make open frameworks.[11][12][13]

Metal-Organic Frameworks[edit]

His most recognizable work is in the design, synthesis, application, and popularisation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). By IUPAC recommendation, MOF is considered a subclass of the coordination polymers first reported in 1959 by Yoshihiko Saito and colleagues.[14] This is followed by E. A. Tomic in 1965 when he published a report titled “Thermal stability of coordination polymers” where he synthesized and characterized many coordination polymers constructed with different ligands and various metal ions.[15] Hans-Peter Werner and colleagues in 1986 published a coordination polymer 2,5-Dimethyl-N,N′-dicyanoquinonediimine and evaluated its electrical conductivity,[16] and in 1989 Bernard Hoskins[17] and Richard Robson (chemist)[18][19] reported a coordination polymer consisting of three dimensionally linked rod-like segments. In general, coordination polymers are frail disordered structures with poorly defined properties. [20]

In the 1990s, Omar M. Yaghi made three breakthroughs that transformed the traditional coordination polymers into architecturally robust and permanently porous MOFs which are being widely used today: (1) crystallization of metal-organic structures where metal ions are joined by charged organic linkers as exemplified by carboxylates to form strong bonds (Published in 1995);[21] (2) introduction of metal-carboxylate clusters as secondary building units (SBUs), which was the key to building architecturally robust frameworks exhibiting permanent porosity as he proved by measuring for the first time their gas adsorption isotherms (Published in 1998);[22] (3) realization of ultra-high porosity with MOF-5 (Published in 1999).[23] In essence, the strong bonds holding the MOFs allow for their structural robustness, ultra-high porosity, and longevity in industrial applications.

Covalent Organic Frameworks[edit]

Omar M. Yaghi published the first paper of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) in 2005, reporting a series of 2D COFs.[24] He reported the design and successful synthesis of COFs by condensation reactions of phenyl diboronic acid (C6H4[B(OH)2]2) and hexahydroxytriphenylene (C18H6(OH)6). Powder X-ray diffraction studies of the highly crystalline products having empirical formulas (C3H2BO)6·(C9H12)1 (COF-1) and C9H4BO2 (COF-5) revealed 2-dimensional expanded porous graphitic layers that have either staggered conformation (COF-1) or eclipsed conformation (COF-5). Their crystal structures are entirely held by strong bonds between B, C, and O atoms to form rigid porous architectures with pore sizes ranging from 7 to 27 Angstroms. COF-1 and COF-5 exhibit high thermal stability (to temperatures up to 500 to 600 °C), permanent porosity, and high surface areas (711 and 1590 square meters per gram, respectively).[25] The synthesis of 3D COFs has been hindered by longstanding practical and conceptual challenges until it was first achieved in 2007 by Omar M. Yaghi [26]

Yaghi is also known for the design and production of a new class of compounds known as zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs). MOFs, COFs, ZIFs are noted for their extremely high surface areas (5640 m2/g for MOF-177)[27] and very low crystalline densities (0.17 g·cm−3 for COF-108).[28]

Molecular Weaving[edit]

Yaghi also pioneered molecular weaving, and synthesized the world’s first material woven at the atomic and molecular levels (COF-505).[29][30]

He has been leading the effort in applying these materials in clean energy technologies including hydrogen and methane storage,[31][32] carbon dioxide capture and storage,[33][34] as well as harvesting water from desert air.[35]

According to a Thomson Reuters analysis, Yaghi was the second most cited chemist in the world from 2000–2010.[36]

Entrepreneurship[edit]

In 2020, Yaghi founded Atoco, a California-based startup,[37] aiming to commercialize the latest advancements and discoveries by Yaghi in MOFs and COFs technologies in the field of carbon capture and atmospheric water harvesting.[38][39]

In 2021, Yaghi co-founded another startup called H2MOF, dedicated to solving the challenges associated with hydrogen storage by utilizing the latest discoveries by Yaghi in the field of reticular chemistry.[40][41]

Honors and awards[edit]

Yaghi has received several global awards and medals throughout his career, including the Albert Einstein World Award of Science in 2017; the Wolf Prize in Chemistry in 2018; the Gregory Aminoff Prize in 2019; the VinFuture Prize in 2022, and the Science for the Future Ernest Solvay Prize in 2024. The following are among the key awards, medals and recognitions Yaghi received:

References[edit]

  1. ^ " National Academy of Sciences Elects Members and Foreign Associates ", National Academy of Sciences, Retrieved on 30 April 2019.
  2. ^ " List of Members Expert Search Professor Dr. Omar M. Yaghi ", German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina "], Retrieved on 9 June 2023.
  3. ^ عمر ياغي في مؤسسة الكويت للتقدّم العلمي. alqabas.com (in Arabic). 6 December 2017.
  4. ^ " Omar Yaghi Winner of Wolf Prize in Chemistry – 2018 ", Wolf Foundation, Retrieved on 4 March 2018.
  5. ^ " Acceptance speech of Albert Einstein World Award of Science by Professor Omar M. Yaghi ", World Cultural Council, Retrieved on 4 March 2018.
  6. ^ " Omar Yaghi: Harvesting water from desert air ", [ Molecular Frontiers Symposium "Planet Earth: A Scientific Journey", at Stockholm University, May 9–10, 2019 ], Retrieved on 30 December 2019.
  7. ^ " The Alchemist " Archived 2018-08-28 at the Wayback Machine, Forbes, Retrieved on 1 February 2018.
  8. ^ Yaghi, Omar M. (1990). Synthesis, structure, and reactivity of polyoxovanadates in nonaqueous media (PhD thesis). University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. OCLC 774917622. ProQuest 303854222.
  9. ^ " Wolf Prize in Chemistry ", Angewandte Chemie, Retrieved on 9 January 2020.
  10. ^ " New institute brings together chemistry and machine learning to tackle climate change ", Retrieved on 21 September 2022.
  11. ^ " Omar Yaghi wins Albert Einstein World Award of Science ", Chemical & Engineering News, 10 July 2017. Retrieved on 12 March 2018.
  12. ^ " Makoto Fujita and Omar Yaghi win Wolf Prize in Chemistry ", Chemical & Engineering News, 19 February 2018. Retrieved on 12 March 2018.
  13. ^ " Spiers Memorial Lecture – Progress and prospects of reticular chemistry ", Royal Society of Chemistry, 18 August 2017. Retrieved on 12 March 2018.
  14. ^ Kinoshita, Yukio; Matsubara, Ikuo; Higuchi, Taiichi; Saito, Yoshihiko (1959-11-01). "The Crystal Structure of Bis(adiponitrilo)copper(I) Nitrate". Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan. 32 (11): 1221–1226. doi:10.1246/bcsj.32.1221. ISSN 0009-2673.
  15. ^ Tomic, E. A. (1959-06-23). "Thermal stability of coordination polymers". Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 9 (11): 3745–3752. doi:10.1002/app.1965.070091121.
  16. ^ "Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 25, 1986, Hans-Peter Werner". onlinelibrary.wiley.com. August 1986.
  17. ^ Hoskins, Bernard F.; Robson, Richard (July 1989). "Infinite polymeric frameworks consisting of three dimensionally linked rod-like segments". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 111 (15): 5962–5964. doi:10.1021/ja00197a079. ISSN 0002-7863.
  18. ^ Dorey, Nathan (2024-02-02). "The man who built a whole new field of chemistry". School of Chemistry. Retrieved 2024-02-21.
  19. ^ Robson, R. (2008-09-23). "Design and its limitations in the construction of bi- and poly-nuclear coordination complexes and coordination polymers (aka MOFs): a personal view". Dalton Transactions (38): 5113–5131. doi:10.1039/B805617J. ISSN 1477-9234. PMID 18813362.
  20. ^ "This year's Aminoff Prize goes to the founders of reticular chemistry". September 13, 2018.
  21. ^ Yaghi, O. M.; Li, G.; Li, H. (1995). "Selective binding and removal of guests in a microporous metal–organic framework =Nature". 378 (6558): 703–706. doi:10.1038/378703a0. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  22. ^ Li, H.; Eddaoudi, M.; Groy, T. L.; Yaghi, O. M. (1998). "Establishing Microporosity in Open Metal-Organic Frameworks: Gas Sorption Isotherms for Zn (BDC)(BDC= 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylate)". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 120 (33): 8571–8572. doi:10.1021/ja981669x.
  23. ^ Li, H.; Eddaoudi, M.; O’Keeffee, M.; Yaghi, O. M. (1999). "Design and synthesis of an exceptionally stable and highly porous metal-organic framework". Nature. 402 (6759): 276–279. doi:10.1038/46248. hdl:2027.42/62847.
  24. ^ "Porous, Crystalline, Covalent Organic Frameworks". November 18, 2005.
  25. ^ "Porous, Crystalline, Covalent Organic Frameworks". November 18, 2005.
  26. ^ El-Kaderi, H. M.; Hunt, J. R.; Mendoza-Cortes, J. L.; Cote, A. P.; Taylor, R. E.; O'Keeffe, M.; Yaghi, O. M. (2007). "Designed Synthesis of 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks". Science. 316 (5822): 268–272. Bibcode:2007Sci...316..268E. doi:10.1126/science.1139915. PMID 17431178. S2CID 19555677.
  27. ^ A.G. Wong-Foy; A.J. Matzger; O.M. Yaghi (2006). "Exceptional H2 Saturation Uptake in Microporous Metal-Organic Frameworks". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 128 (11): 3494–5. doi:10.1021/ja058213h. PMID 16536503.
  28. ^ H.M. El-Kaderi; J.R. Hunt; J.L. Mendoza-Cortés; A.P. Côté; R.E. Taylor; M. O'Keeffe; O.M. Yaghi (2007). "Designed Synthesis of 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks" (PDF). Science. 316 (5822): 268–72. Bibcode:2007Sci...316..268E. doi:10.1126/science.1139915. PMID 17431178. S2CID 19555677.
  29. ^ " Weaving of organic threads into a crystalline covalent organic framework ", Science (journal), Retrieved on 16 June 2019.
  30. ^ " First materials woven at atomic and molecular levels: Weaving a new story for COFs and MOFs ", ScienceDaily, Retrieved on 16 June 2019.
  31. ^ " Crystal Sponges ", Chemical & Engineering News , 21 January 2002. Retrieved on 12 March 2018.
  32. ^ " Porous Crystals Soak Up Hydrogen ", Chemical & Engineering News, 19 May 2003. Retrieved on 12 March 2018.
  33. ^ " A Better Way to Capture Carbon ", MIT Technology Review, 15 February 2008. Retrieved on 12 March 2018.
  34. ^ " Super-sized molecular sponges boost carbon capture ", Chemistry World, 7 May 2008. Retrieved on 12 March 2018.
  35. ^ " This new solar-powered device can pull water straight from the desert air ", Science Magazine, April 13, 2017. Retrieved on March 10, 2018.
  36. ^ "Top 100 Chemists, 2000–2010 –". ScienceWatch.com. Retrieved 2022-02-03.
  37. ^ "Founder, Prof. Omar Yaghi: "From Desert to Discovery: The Journey of Reticular Chemistry"". Atoco. 2024-01-12. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  38. ^ "A World Renowned Chemist Wants to Suck Water, and Carbon, Out of the Air". Time. 2023-09-08. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  39. ^ Francaviglia, Richard (2018). Imagining the Atacama Desert: A Five-Hundred-Year Journey of Discovery. University of Utah Press. ISBN 978-1-60781-611-9.
  40. ^ Meredith, Sam (2024-02-15). "'The holy grail': Startup backed by a Nobel laureate vying for a breakthrough on hydrogen storage". CNBC. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  41. ^ "Our founders". H2MOF. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  42. ^ "The ExxonMobil Award Faculty Fellowship in Solid State Chemistry". Division of Inorganic Chemistry. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  43. ^ "Sacconi Medal". www.cerm.unifi.it. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  44. ^ "2007 Annual Merit Review Awards | Hydrogen Program". www.hydrogen.energy.gov. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  45. ^ "MRS Medal | Materials Research Society Awards". www.mrs.org. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  46. ^ https://www.aaas.org/awards/newcomb-cleveland-prize/2007. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  47. ^ "Past Recipients". American Chemical Society. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  48. ^ "Omar Yaghi Is Izatt-Christensen Awardee". Chemical & Engineering News. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  49. ^ "Centenary Prizes for Chemistry and Communication - previous winners". Royal Society of Chemistry. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  50. ^ "IEEE Nanotechnology Council Advancing Nanotech for Humanity". 2024-05-10.
  51. ^ "Yaghi wins Faisal Prize for Science | College of Chemistry". chemistry.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  52. ^ "The Mustafa Prize". mustafaprize.org. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  53. ^ "2016 Academy Prize Laureates | Turkish Academy of Sciences". www.tuba.gov.tr. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
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  55. ^ "Prof. Yaghi receives the King Abdullah II Ibn Al Hussein Order of Distinction, First Class | Berkeley Global Science Institute". globalscience.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  56. ^ "Professor Omar M. Yaghi wins 2017 Japan Society of Coordination Chemistry International Award | College of Chemistry". chemistry.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  57. ^ "Bailar Medalists (Lecturers) | Chemistry at Illinois". chemistry.illinois.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  58. ^ "Laureates". www.kfas.org. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  59. ^ admin (2017-05-30). "Prof. Omar M. Yaghi". World Cultural Council. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  60. ^ "The BBVA Foundation distinguishes Omar Yaghi, leader of a chemistry producing new materials with the ability to capture CO2 or harvest water from the air". Premios Fronteras. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  61. ^ "Omar Yaghi awarded 2018 Wolf Prize | College of Chemistry". chemistry.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  62. ^ "World Economic Forum". 2024-05-10.
  63. ^ https://www.psipw.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=406:psipw-announces-winners-for-8th-award-at-unispace-50&catid=43&lang=en&Itemid=157. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  64. ^ "Omar Yaghi wins 2018 Eni Energy Transition Award | College of Chemistry". chemistry.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  65. ^ "Gregori Aminoff Prize symposium 2019". Kungl. Vetenskapsakademien. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  66. ^ "Winners of 'MBR Medal for Scientific Excellence' Honoured". mbrf.ae. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  67. ^ "Sixth Nano Research Award presented to Xinhe Bao and Omar M. Yaghi | College of Chemistry". chemistry.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  68. ^ "August Wilhelm von Hofmann Commemorative Coin | Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker e.V." en.gdch.de. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  69. ^ "Omar Yaghi receives 2020 Royal Society of Chemistry award | College of Chemistry". chemistry.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  70. ^ "Solvay Institutes". www.solvayinstitutes.be. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  71. ^ "Gerhard Ertl Lecture". www.fhi.mpg.de. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  72. ^ "Professor Omar M. Yaghi". VinFuture Prize. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  73. ^ "Omar Yaghi awarded the Wilhelm Exner medal | College of Chemistry". chemistry.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  74. ^ "Syensqo awards its €300k Ernest Solvay Prize to Omar Yaghi". Syensqo. 2024-01-19. Retrieved 2024-05-10.

External links[edit]

Scholia has a profile for Omar M. Yaghi (Q743252).
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